Lottie Kimbrough was born in 1900 in Kansas City,
MO. She was one of Kansas City's best known
classic blues singers in 1920's. She recorded
extensively during the period under a variety of
pseudonyms for a variety of labels. She started in
the early 20's singing in the city's red light clubs and
bordellos. In 1925 she recorded, using the name
Lottie Beaman, her first records for Para-mount,
followed by sessions for the Kansas City based
Merrit Records. This label was owned by Winston
Holmes, who often sang with Kimbrough. Some of
Kimbroughs songs were Merrit's best selling records.
In the mid- and late 20's Kimbrough also recorded
for Gennett, using her own name. Under different
other names she also recorded for Champion,
Supertone and Superior.
By 1930 Kimbrough had disappeared from the
Kansas City blues scene.
"I'm going to build me a mansion, out on Dago Hill
(twice), where I can get whiskey right from the still,"
sang Luella Miller, fantasising that she would be
wealthy enough to live with the St. Louis elite. There's
not much to suggest that she achieved her ambition
though, and after a few sessions she seems to have
disappeared into obscurity. Unfortunately, her
records have been less well known to the jazz and
blues collecting public in the past than those to say,
Edith Johnson or Victoria Spivey, her contemporaries,
in St. Louis at the time. It has been suggested that
she came from Texas, perhaps because of her
moaning style. Luella Miller was never mentioned by
Victoria Spivey, also a St. Louis contemporary.
Luella's Blues are largely about her "sweet papa"
and his break with her. She seems to have been an
amateur rather than a professional. Luella is an
ingenuous approach, the blues of an innocent in
performance of not in content. In fact, as far as
content is concerned her rather sombre, moaning
blues are deceptive, for they are often lyrically
interesting.
She has a nice turn of phrase in her stanzas;
complaining that her mom had been "blind and
could not see; when I quit you pretty papa, don't
sing your blues to me!"
Victoria Spivey was born in October 15, 1906 in
Houston, TX. She was one of the more influential
blues women simply because she was around long
enough to influence legions of younger women and
men who rediscovered blues music during the mid
'60s. She wrote songs, sang them well, and
accompanied herself on piano and organ, and
occasionally ukulele.
Spivey began her recording career at age 19 and
came from the same rough-and-tumble
clubs in Houston and Dallas that
produced Sippie Wallace. In 1918, she
left home to work as a pianist at the
Lincoln Theater in Dallas. In the early
'20s, she played in gambling parlors,
gay hangouts and whorehouses in
Galveston and Houston with Blind
Lemon Jefferson. Among Spivey's many
influences was Ida Cox, herself a sassy
blues woman, and taking her cue from
Cox, Spivey wrote and recorded tunes
like "TB Blues", "Dope Head Blues" and
"Organ Grinder Blues" in the '20s.
Spivey's other influences included
Robert Calvin, Sara Martin and Bessie
Smith. Like so many other women blues
singers who had their heyday in the
'20s and '30s. Spivey wasn't afraid to
sing sexually suggestive lyrics and this
turned out to be a blessing nearly 40
years later in the sexual revolution of
the '60s and early '70s.
She recorded her first song, "Black
Snake Blues", for the Okeh Label in
1926, and then worked as a songwriter at a music
publishing company in St. Louis in the late '20s. In
the '30s, Spivey recorded for the Victor, Vocalion,
Decca and Okeh labels, and moved to New York City,
working as a featured performer in a number of
African-American musical revues, including the
"Hellzapoppin Revue". In the '30s, she recorded and
spent time on the road with Louis Armstrong's
various bands.
Lucille Bogan was born in Amory, MS, on April 1,
1897. Bessie Jackson was a pseudonym of Lucille
Bogan, a classic female blues artist from the '20s
and '30s. Her outspoken lyrics deal with sexuality in
a manner that manages to raise eyebrows even
within a genre that is about as nasty as recorded
music ever got prior to the emergence of artists such
as 2 Live Crew or Ludacris. The name change seems
to be quite different in her case than the usual
pattern among blues artists who recorded under
other names simply to make an end run around preexisting
recording contracts. Jackson/Bogan seemed
to be looking for something more substantial, in that
she not only changed her name but her performance
style as well, and never recorded again under the
name of Lucille Bogan once the Jackson persona
had emerged. This was despite having enjoyed a hit
record in the so-called "race market" in 1927 with
the song "Sweet Petunia" as Bogan,
but perhaps this was a scent she
was trying to hide from.
Lucille Bogan was born Lucille
Anderson, picking up Bogan as a
married name. She was the aunt of
pianist and trumpet player Thomas
"Big Music" Anderson. Bogan made
her first recordings of the tunes
"Lonesome Daddy Blues" and
"Pawnshop Blues" in 1923, in New
York City for the Okeh label. Despite
the blues references in the titles,
these were more vaudeville numbers.
She moved to Chicago a year or two
later and developed a huge following
in the Windy City, before relocating to
New York City in the early '30s, where
she began a long collaborative
relationship with pianist Walter
Roland.
One of the most infamous of the
Jackson sides is the song "B. D. Woman's Blues".
"B. D." was short for "bull dykes", after all, and the
blues singer lays it right on the line with the opening
verse: "Comin' a time/woman ain't gonna need no
men". Well, except for a good piano player such as
Walter Roland or some of her other hotshot
accompanists such as guitarists Tampa Red and
Josh White, or banjo picker Papa Charlie Jackson.
She herself gets an accordion credit on one early
recording, quite unusual for this genre. Certainly one
of Bogan's greatest talents was as a songwriter, and
she copyrighted dozens of titles, many of them so
original that other blues artists were forced to give
credit where credit was due instead of whipping up
"matcher" imitations as was more than the norm.
The daughter of a Baptist deacon, Sippie Wallace
(born Beulah Thomas) was born and raised in
Houston. She was a classic female blues singer from
the '20s. Wallace kept performing and recording
until her death. As a child, she sang and played
piano in church. Before she was in her teens, she
began performing with her pianist brother Hersal
Thomas. By the time she was in her mid-teens, she
had left Houston to pursue a musical career, singing
in a number of tent shows and earning a dedicated
fan base. In 1915, she moved to New Orleans with
Hersal. Two years later, she married Matt Wallace.
In 1925, Sippie, Hersal, and their older brother
George moved to Chicago, where Sippie became
part of the city's jazz scene. By the end of the year,
she had earned a contract with Okeh Records. Her
first two songs for the label "Shorty George" and "Up
the Country Blues", were hits and Sippie soon
became a star. Throughout the '20s she produced a
series of singles that were nearly all hits. In addition,
between 1923 and 1927 she recorded over 40
songs for Okeh. Many of the songs that were Wallace
originals or co-written by Sippie and her brothers.
In 1926, Hersal Thomas died of food poisoning, but
Sippie Wallace continued to perform and record.
Within a few years, however, she stopped performing
regularly. After her contract with Okeh was finished in
the late '20s, she moved to Detroit in 1929. In the
early '30s, Wallace stopped recording, only
performing the occasional gig. In 1936 both George
Thomas and her husband Matt died. Following their
deaths, Sippie joined the Leland Baptist Church in
Detroit, where she was an organist and vocalist: she
stayed with the church for the next 40 years.
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